Glossary

The tag is used to define non-visible information in an HTML document or email, such as the title, metadata, styles, and external scripts. It is essential for content configuration and SEO optimization, especially in HTML emails.

A honeypot is a cybersecurity tool designed to attract cyberattacks. It simulates vulnerable systems to divert attackers and analyze their behavior. While effective for gathering insights and protecting real systems, honeypots require careful configuration and monitoring to avoid risks.

A host is a server or machine that provides services or storage for websites, applications, or devices. Various types of hosts exist, such as web hosting, FTP servers, and cloud hosts, each suited for different needs in terms of performance, security, and scalability.

The .htaccess file is used to configure Apache server settings for managing redirections, security, error handling, and URL rewriting. It is a powerful tool, but improper use can cause security and performance issues.

HTML is a markup language used to structure content on a web page. It uses tags to define elements like titles, paragraphs, images, and links. Combined with CSS and JavaScript, HTML is the foundation of creating modern, interactive websites.

HTTP is a communication protocol used to retrieve resources on the web, such as HTML pages or files. Each HTTP request follows a client-server model, and the response can include status codes indicating success or failure. The secure version is HTTPS.

HYPERV is a Microsoft virtualization solution that allows for creating and managing virtual machines on a physical server. It is especially suited for Windows-based environments, offering resource management, security, live migration, and high availability. It provides a flexible, scalable approach to server virtualization.

IMAP is an email protocol that allows for synchronization across multiple devices while storing emails on the server. It provides flexible, centralized access to messages, making it ideal for users who access their emails from multiple devices.

Injection is an attack that involves inserting malicious data into an application to alter its behavior. Common types include SQL injection, command injection, and XSS. Preventing this threat requires input validation, the use of prepared statements, and secure coding practices.

An intranet is a private internal network used within an organization to facilitate communication, share resources, and manage information. It enhances collaboration, centralizes data, and secures access, but it has limitations regarding accessibility and maintenance costs.

An IP address uniquely identifies devices on a network. Available in IPv4 or IPv6, it can be private or public. Crucial for Internet communication, it facilitates data transmission and is managed by systems like DNS to simplify its use.

ISDN is a communication protocol that allows simultaneous transmission of voice, data, and video over a digital network. While it improved speed and quality compared to analog lines, it is now outdated in favor of modern technologies like ADSL and fiber optics.

ISDN is a digital technology allowing voice and data to be transmitted on the same line. Reliable and offering good quality, it is in decline in the face of modern technologies such as ADSL and fiber. It remains used in specific contexts requiring stability and simplicity.

An ISP (Internet Service Provider) allows users to access the Internet via different technologies, such as fiber, ADSL or mobile. It also offers additional services such as telephony, Internet TV and security solutions, while offering connections adapted to user needs.

Java is an object-oriented programming language designed for portability, security, and performance. It allows applications to run across platforms with a JVM and is used in web, mobile, and enterprise development.

JavaScript is a programming language used to make websites interactive and dynamic. It allows for DOM manipulation, event handling, AJAX, and animations, making it a key element in modern web development.

Joomla is a versatile open-source CMS for creating diverse websites. Flexible and extensible, it supports multilingual and multi-user management. While it has a learning curve, it offers advanced features for complex projects, backed by an active community.

JPEG is an image format that uses lossy compression to reduce file size while maintaining image quality. It is ideal for photos and web images but does not support transparency.

The kilobyte (KB) is a unit of measurement that corresponds to 1,024 bytes. It is used to quantify file size or storage capacity. Although larger units are commonly used, the kilobyte remains relevant for small files or in the context of older systems.

LAN (Local Area Network) connects devices within a limited area like a home or office, enabling resource sharing and high-speed communication. It uses wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi) connections for efficient data exchange, making it essential for modern computing environments.

LCP measures the time to render the largest visible element. A score under 2.5s improves SEO and UX. Optimizations include faster hosting, image compression, and deferred scripts.

Linux is an open-source operating system, based on the Linux kernel, widely used for its stability, security and flexibility. It is popular in server, embedded and development environments, offering great customization and being distributed for free.

A log is a file that records events and activities in a computer system. It helps monitor, analyze, and troubleshoot issues using detailed information. Logs are essential for maintenance, security, and performance management, documenting actions like logins, errors, or transactions.

Login is the process of user authentication via a username and password to access secure services. Enhanced methods like 2FA and biometrics provide extra security.

LVE (Lightweight Virtual Environment) is a CloudLinux technology that isolates server resources for each user in shared hosting. By capping CPU, RAM, and I/O usage, LVE ensures stability and security while optimizing server performance and preventing resource monopolization by any single user.

A mailing list allows you to send messages to a large group of people via email. It is used for newsletters, announcements or marketing campaigns. It facilitates targeted and effective communication while enabling performance monitoring, but must be managed correctly to avoid spam.

MAPI, created by Microsoft, is an advanced email protocol enabling bidirectional synchronization of emails, calendars, and contacts. Ideal for professional environments with Exchange, it offers rich features but requires technical configuration and is mostly tailored for Microsoft’s ecosystem.

MariaDB is an open-source relational database management system designed as an alternative to MySQL. It delivers improved performance, MySQL compatibility, and advanced features while ensuring open-source development. Ideal for web applications and enterprise solutions, MariaDB is flexible and powerful, with a growing ecosystem of users and developers.

A megabyte (MB) is a digital measurement unit equivalent to 1,024 kilobytes, used for evaluating files like photos or music. Commonly used, it’s practical yet insufficient for large data, where gigabytes or terabytes are often needed.