Glossary

Cache is fast memory that temporarily stores frequently used data to boost performance. Used in processors, browsers, and networks, it reduces data access times. However, managing cache is essential to prevent outdated data or memory overload.

CageFS is a virtual file system by CloudLinux that isolates users in shared hosting. It enhances security by preventing access to system files and other users’ data. Transparent and effective, CageFS is ideal for providing a stable and secure experience in multi-user environments.

CalDAV is an HTTP-based protocol for managing and synchronizing calendars across devices. It offers collaborative features, real-time updates, and universal compatibility with iCalendar. Used for personal or professional needs, it simplifies centralized event management.

The PHP Calendar module enables date conversions across multiple calendars (Gregorian, Julian, Jewish, Republican). Useful for historical and astronomical calculations, but less common in modern applications where DateTime and Carbon are preferred.

CAPTCHA is a test used to differentiate humans from bots online, protecting sites from automated abuse. It uses simple tasks for humans, like recognizing characters or images, but challenging for bots. Despite its limitations, CAPTCHA is a critical tool for online security.

CardDAV is a protocol that allows managing and synchronizing contacts across multiple devices. It offers centralized management, real-time synchronization, and broad compatibility. Ideal for businesses and individual users, it ensures consistent and accessible contacts everywhere.

A CDN (Content Delivery Network) speeds up websites by distributing content globally. It reduces latency, enhances SEO, protects against DDoS attacks, and lowers hosting costs. Essential for high-traffic platforms.

CentOS is a free and open-source Linux distribution based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Known for its stability and reliability, it is ideal for servers. Although replaced by CentOS Stream, it remains a reference for professional environments seeking a robust and cost-effective alternative.

Chat is a real-time digital communication method for exchanging messages. Used in various contexts (private, professional, customer support), it facilitates quick and accessible exchanges. Features include instant messaging, file sharing, and multimedia options like emojis.

Cloudflare is a security and performance service for websites. It protects against DDoS attacks, optimizes performance via a CDN, and offers a free SSL certificate. Ideal for securing and speeding up sites, it requires initial setup.

CloudLinux is a Linux-based operating system designed for shared hosting. It offers stability, security, and customization through tools like LVE and CageFS. While a paid solution, it is ideal for hosting providers aiming to deliver optimized and reliable services to their clients.

CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift) measures a site’s visual stability. A low score enhances user experience and SEO. Common causes include images without set sizes and dynamic content. To reduce CLS, define dimensions, reserve space for ads, and optimize fonts.

A cluster is a grouping of interconnected nodes working together to enhance performance, availability, and workload management. Used in HPC, storage, and web applications, clusters provide reliability and scalability but require technical expertise for setup and maintenance.

A CMS is a software platform for creating and managing websites. It enables content editing without coding and offers features like themes, plugins, and user management. WordPress, Joomla, and Shopify are popular examples.

A cookie is a text file stored by a website to remember user preferences or track behavior. Essential for sessions, personalization, and analytics, cookies raise privacy concerns addressed by laws like GDPR.

cPanel is an easy management tool for your website. It allows you to create sites, manage emails, secure your data, and monitor performance, all through an intuitive interface.

The CPU is the computer’s brain, executing tasks and calculations. With multiple cores, cache, and GHz, it affects software speed. Essential for multitasking and performance, it requires cooling and evolves rapidly with new technologies.

CSS is a styling language used to define the appearance of a website. It manages colors, fonts, spacing, and layouts. By separating structure and presentation, it simplifies management and optimization of modern websites.

The PHP Ctype module quickly validates whether a string contains only letters, digits, or other specific character types. It is faster than regex but limited to ASCII characters, making it unsuitable for languages with accents or special symbols.

The PHP cURL module allows making HTTP requests and interacting with APIs. It supports multiple protocols and HTTP methods like GET and POST. Powerful and flexible, but requires more configuration than file_get_contents().

The PHP DBA module provides key-value database management with a unified interface for multiple storage engines. It is ideal for caching and small-scale data storage but lacks SQL support and full concurrency handling.

The PHP dBase module enables working with .dbf database files, useful for legacy applications. It supports reading, writing, and record management, but lacks SQL support and is largely obsolete compared to modern databases like SQLite or MySQL.

DDoS attacks (Distributed Denial of Service) aim to make an online service unavailable by overwhelming its resources. These attacks can be mitigated using firewalls, specialized services, and network redundancy to reduce the impact.

The is a generic HTML element used to divide and organize the content of a web page. Although it is flexible and useful for layout and interacting with JavaScript, it has no semantic meaning and can be difficult to maintain if used excessively.

DKIM is an email authentication method that uses cryptographic keys to sign messages and guarantee their authenticity. It protects against phishing attacks and ensures message integrity, improving email security and deliverability.

DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance) is an email security protocol that protects against phishing and spoofing. It relies on SPF and DKIM, allowing domain owners to define handling policies and receive detailed reports on emails sent using their domain.

DNS (Domain Name System) translates domain names into IP addresses for web navigation. Essential for domain management, performance, and security, it uses recursive and authoritative servers to resolve user queries.

Docker is a containerization platform that deploys applications in standardized environments. Lightweight and portable, it simplifies development and deployment by bundling everything needed for execution. Ideal for DevOps environments, Docker accelerates and ensures reliable processes.

The PHP DOM module enables XML and HTML manipulation using the Document Object Model (DOM). It allows modifying, creating, and validating structured documents, though it is more complex and memory-intensive than alternatives like SimpleXML or SAX.

A domain refers to an area of management in a network or an online resource. In DNS, it helps translate names into IP addresses. Domains help centralize resource management and structure networks, particularly in business environments.